My father is a serious person Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

My father is a serious person - raise ExampleGrowing up, we only saw our father during the holidays. Even then, mother had to force us to bear up as we b bely knew him, it was always awkward during the beginning(a) days of the holidays. However, though thither was this destiny to connect with him at an emotional level, the time never seemed right.My father had always been a prim suitable man who always seemed too busy on the phone, talking up a client or trying to close a deal. He barely had enough to time to sit and enjoy a meal. Learning to ride a bicycle, I only rode with my uncle. I am told that my father was right there throughout the learning period. I do not remember it. When I broke my collar bone back in elementary school, all I remember was seating at the back of the automobile and my mothers worried face as we drove to the hospital. I do not pass who the driver was though it was him behind the wheel. In my recollections of the past, I can barely recall interacting with my father. All are but stories I had tried to no avail to combine to form a picture. Dentist appointments, first day at school, graduation ceremonies, birthday parties he was always there. He never missed whatsoever of them. This is no longer the case now, and we are now inseparable. Like there was never a counterpane in our relationship. A life threatening experience can really change how people relate. xii years ago I was outcomen ill with a very funny ailment. My whole system was itchy and I could not stop scratching myself against anything in site. On seeing a doctor, we observed that my kidney had been failing and had been getting treatment for the symptoms during hospital visits. This came as a shock to the family, considering I had to be redact on dialysis as soon as possible and a drastic change in dietetical needs. It was thought that I needed a kidney transplant, and being on a waiting list could take years before I get a donor. Either way I was evaluated for insurance purposes and my telephone

Teenage pregnancy in ireland Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Teenage maternalism in ireland - Thesis ExampleThe young gestation is a contentious issue in Ireland, and the problem is especially pronounced in County Louth which is iodine of smallest counties in Ireland with the highest rate of juvenile pregnancies (Crisis Pregnancy Agency, 2007). Many troupe members view most cases of teenage pregnancy as a burden and a barrier to the achievement of the necessary education status and duty standards. However, there is also a growing acceptance of non-standard family models. This research will aim to explore the attitudes of the society toward teenage pregnancy. The literature review will comprehensively discuss the problem of teenage pregnancy, teenage return rates in Ireland, risk factors and health risks of teenage pregnancies to provide the theoretical aspects of the research on teenage pregnancy as well as the society attitudes toward young mothers. According to Keller (2002), the rate of teenage pregnancies in both County Louth and D ublin is the same i.e. 6.8pc. However, the statistics from the 2002 research could be currently different due to the fact that the variance in the sizes of the two cities leads to a difference in the social norms. Being larger than County Lough, the teenage stock rates could be higher in Dublin because the sexual activities will be more rampant, the Catholic culture will have less impact, and the multicultural impact is high.The 2010 statistics from the Central Statistics Office (CSO) indicates that teenage pregnancy in Ireland has been reduced in significant levels and it led to birth of 2, 043 babies for the mothers under the age of 20 (CSO, 2010). This was a decline from the 2006 statistics, when 2352 cases represented 0.4% of the total births among women that year (Crisis Pregnancy Agency, 2007). Majority of the teenage births are noted among daughter between eighteen to nineteen years old. For example,

When and why does credibility become an issue in criminal cases Essay

When and why does believability become an issue in cruel cases - Essay ExampleDifferent people have different credibility and therefore the undecomposeds involved in the case will determine extend or the trustworthiness of a witness. The witness to be authorise for credibility can be approached from different ways. One is that the person may be approached by an soulfulness expert who will determine the trustworthiness of the person. The other one and the most effective one is whereby a group of experts approach a witness to determine the trustworthiness of his evidence. When the source of information is credible it becomes booming and firmer to make decisions. Some general characteristics of a credible person argon unselfish, caring, fair, experienced, qualified and trustworthy. People who are charismatic become more than credible since they are extroverted, composed and also sociable. It is not everlastingly guaranteed that an expert will be competent with witness. If he becom es competent depending on the context then it will be quick and accurate to make fair decisions. There are different candidates of life which require credibility. These go away from marketing to other things care criminal cases. In criminal cases credibility has become one much(prenominal) aspect which sees to it that there is fair judgment in all what happens in the process of the cases. One aspect which is very important to get from the witness is credibility. There are many things which may do work a persons credibility and they vary from one person to another. Things that influence a persons credibility Social influence This occurs when external factors intervene and change or control you. This may be in effect to your thoughts, feelings or actions which will be affected extrinsically by people. Social influence look ats into comity many forms like socialization, peer pressure, obedience, persuasion and even leadership. This is technically and widely discussed in social p sychology. A person may be influenced socially due to the minority influence. This happens when the majority is influenced to accept the beliefs of the person in the case or the group. This mostly happens through informational social influence. When many people take a indisputable direction then it is psychological that you will be confronted to take the same direction. Many will always feel that the majority group is the right one and they will therefore act in upgrade of the majority leading to poor credibility (Garvev, 2003). Also when the group acting is perprating and consistent, then this may influence your credibility. The stronger the social influence then the more it will affect your personal credibility. Despite this you can take your own personal stand and believe by what you know, saw or were involved in sooner than relying on what you hear from other people. You can also use your own understanding of a station or a given scenario to extent your credibility. Therefor e credibility should be effective when it is internalized rather than externalized (Foot, 1973). individualised stand Your personal stand plays a key role in determining your trustworthiness in a given scenario. You should have your own personal stand rather than the group or majority stand. This may be achieved by believing in what you know and doing thorough research. You ought to follow some rules like I know because I know. A personal stand if publicized may have a lot of impact on your credibility (Brain, 2011). Behavior One of the things that may make control of your credibility is behavior. Your behavior will be determined more by obedience. Human beings will always extend differently in

Towards a Democratic Bill of Rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Towards a Democratic Bill of Rights - Essay voiceAccording to the essay Towards a Democratic Bill of Rights findings dialogue model adopts means of adult male rights apology, but, it in any case avoids forms of rights based on the judicial review. This is because it involves the implementation of a level of rights which can only be utilise by courts. In addition Parliaments legislative power is also preserved. Alternatively, there is an potent way in the implementation of the bill of rights by applying a democratic model called, Democratic bill of rights (Barry, 2011, p. 78). This model is dependent on political review and democratic processes in the testimonial and protection of the human rights. Statutory bill of the Democratic bill of rights is developed and recognized through a democratic process. This is to warrants protection of the views of Australian people. The bill of rights will be non-judicial. Relevant to the article to democracy and liberalism, the Australian c onstitution, federalism or the legislature In Australia, the constitution and the legislature play significant roles in the protection and promotion of the human rights. These human rights are found in the constitution, the common laws and the legislature of Australia. The constitutions offer little support in the protection and promotion of human rights. The parliamentary democracy that exists in Australia is under control by the constitution (Karvelas, 2012). execution of the bill of rights through dialogue model hinders democracy, because, courts are responsible for the application of the bill of rights.

Research on Project Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Research on Project Management - Essay modelingA take to is a collection of activity to achieve a particular objective. It involves the directing of m either activities towards a particular objective. A project is not a whole time activity. It ever has a start date and end date. The duration of the project depends on the size of the project. A project is always guided and lead by a set of instructions and plans. A project always has a deadline within which it has to be completed and handed over to the required authority. The project will consume more than the estimated cost if it is not completed within the deadline. A project is a pooling up of men, money, materials and other resources for the exertion of a specific goal. A project is an effort of a group of people. A project is make in different phases. The different phases of a project are initiating stage, planning stage, executing stage and irresponsible stage. The initiating stage of the project is where the project idea is generated. A structure has to be given to the generated idea in front it is being carried foreword. This structure is given in the planning stage. The executing stage of the project is the most important stage. It is where all the resources are pooled up properly. This is the stage that requires more cost. In the controlling stage the project is examined and reexamined for any deviations. Corrective measures are taken for controlling the deviations that have occurred. A project is entirely different from origin in the sense that the project is for a specified period whereas the business is a continuing process.Therefore, in simple sense project worry refers to the managing of all the activities concerned with the successful implementation of the project. Managing a project is a complex task and managing that complex task is the duty of the project management experts. The techniques used for the management of the project differ from the nature of the project. The project mana gement is done by a team of experts comprising the

The Effects of the Quality of Employees' Interaction with their Research Paper

The Effects of the Quality of Employees Interaction with their Managers on the Quality of their Work - Research Paper voiceThe interview session was based on choice of interaction of employees with their manager and quality of performance. The interviewees of the study ar employees of ... From that, samples of 12 people were identified with the help of non-probability sampling technique known as purposive sampling. Among the interviewees, 6 employees had good quality of interaction and other 6 employee has poor quality of interaction. It was found that in general, the quality of interaction and the quality of work are directly proportional. But to make a concrete conclusion, get ahead research is required. TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 4 Statement of the problem Purpose scheme Importance of study Definitions of terms Delimitations CHAPTER II REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 7 CHAPTER III THEORETICAL mannequin 10 Upward communication and downward communication Theory X and T heory Y attractor Member exchange theory Social exchange theory Scientific Management CHAPTER IV methodology 13 Research design Measurement of variables (Instrumentation) Sampling Research Methods Plan of Analysis CHAPTER V data ANALYSIS 16 Sample characteristics Analysis results CHAPTER VI CONCLUSIONS 22 Introduction Summary of findings Interpretation of findings & integrating Recommendations ENDNOTE.25 APPENDIX 26 WORK CITED 27 CHAPTER I Introduction This project examines the impact of the quality of employees interactions with their single managers and how it changes the quality of their work by identifying characteristics of quality of delivery. The objective is also to find out whether the quality affinity amidst employees and managers improve the quality of the work. How far does it make any difference in performance?This makeup takes into account research based on employees reaction to the level of interaction with the management and how does that interaction regular ise the quality of an employees performance by and large. Instead of quantitative research, qualitative research is opted to draw the conclusion. The manager-employee communication has a critical impact on performance. That is why companies often neglect to emphasize or provide prepare to help managers build this important connection? According to exit-interview, research tells that the primary reason people abandon their jobs in their plaque is their managers. It is said that human resource is the biggest asset and biggest liability of an organization. To make use of an organizations human resource pool, it is extremely important to maintain quality interaction among all the bit members. End of the day, manager and employees work together as a team. If the performance is good, then not besides they are benefited individually, but the office also gets advantages. So it is an extremely important issue as a research topic. Statement of the Problem The research is going to address the problem whether the quality relationship between employees and managers improve the quality of the work. With the help of testing of hypothesis, the research is trying to compare how both high and base quality interacti

A Passage to India Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A Passage to India - search ExampleAs an initial matter, it is quite true that Fielding and Dr. Aziz established a genuine friendship. This owes a great deal to Fieldings fiercely independent nature. Unlike other British officials whom adopted a patronizing attitude toward the native people, Fielding treated the Indians with a sense of decency and respect. He wasnt an idealist, but he did operate to approach issues and people from an objective and open-minded point of view. He didnt allow his perceptions of India to be affected negatively by bias or stereotypes. These qualities attracted Dr. Aziz and distinguished Fielding from the other British officials. Indeed, when Dr. Aziz was subsequently accused of flesh out by Adela, Fielding broke with the British and lent his support to the Indians. In short, the qualities that allowed Fieldings friendship with Dr. Aziz to flourish were his emancipation of mind, his personal conviction in the notion of an objective justice for all, and his strength of character in declaring and playacting on his beliefs. Fielding was a principled man and Dr Aziz respected him in this way.That there were very objective limits to this friendship, however, is beyond doubt. There are moments, in the beginning of the novel, when Dr.

Building Information Modelling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Building Information manakin - Essay warningThis development has particularly been important in the engineering field in which some stakeholders develop models and assorted stakeholders who interpret the developed models simulate their properties undertake the constructions for achieving reality. Ensuring ease and success of such simulations has further prompted the need for normalization in modeling and communication of developed models in engineering. Of particular interest to the scope of application of culture technology in engineering and modeling is the concept of Building Information Modelling that defines establishment and direction of digital models of physical and operational features of a facility. The concept has been approved for its advantages and is being advocated for among government contractors. It has at the very(prenominal) time, though increasingly being adopted by many players, raised mixed reactions over its potency and effects on business and clients. I , in this paper, explore the statement that the introduction of Building Information Modelling (BIM) into the construction industry has the potential to change or influence the way intent coach-and-fours work in the future. In exploring this statement, I identify the significance of IBM to exteriorise managers approach to work. ... The different role is attributable to the devise manager and the roles vary with different stages of a project and different scopes that a project may adopt. 1 of the identifiable roles of the project manager is the development of project proposals. This may be achieved together with other stakeholders to a project such as a projects principal. This role let ins the development of a projects scope and determination of economic necessities for implementing the project and facilitates an understanding of the project. The project manager to a fault plays a significant role in initiating a project, a role in which the manager identifies necessary personn el, ensures approachability of the personnel, and mobilizes them towards implementing the subject project. The role also includes identification of necessary skills for the project, goals to be achieved in the project, and interests and motivational factors of the member of the project team (Hopper 2012, p. 18). In cases where project goals are developed by other parties and communicated to the project team, the project manager approves the objectives before they can be incorporated and communicated to the team. Placing an order for required resources in a project also forms part of a project managers role (Acs, p. 1). Other roles of the project manager include evaluation of potential risks to a project and establishment of control measures against identified risks and establishing minimum operating cost and making sure that operations adhere to the stipulated costs.

Hard Treatment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Hard Treatment - Assignment ExampleThe eighteenth century visible punishment was done through the offenders body. In the nineteenth century, the imprisonment move was unite with other penalties that prompted the decrease of the valet de chambre rights. This was a response to the wrongdoers. In that case, Kleinig views imprisonment as a version of reforming ones villainous character or immoral habit. Below ar the some of positive and negative constraints consort to the kleinigs point of view of the prisoners subjected to punishments. Kleinig has found that cruelty inflicts physical pain on the prisoners. This has been extremely magnified to the general suffering of these muckle. He argues that such actions which come in with cruelty ar imposed to these people to cause aguish and fear in them for the respect of the department stuff. Some of these cruel activities done to the prisoners whitethorn end up to injuries either mentally or physically. Kleinig believe that both indivi duals and institutions are cruel to the prisoners. check to the research, many deaths that are reported from the prisons are caused by the prisoners themselves. In that case, he has notified that though punishments are stipulation to rectify and rehabilitate the wrongdoers, universe cruelty would be excessive punishment which would not be accommodative but only destroying. This would also limit the people to achieving the goals that are accepted in the social life. gibe to Kleinig, both cruelties to sentient and rational sentient is an act of dehumanizing. On the other hand, the cruelty suffering undergone by the prisoners tends to undermine their human distinctiveness which acts as their capacity for appraisal. On the other hand, many individuals and institutions tent to give in unusual punishments such as boiling them in oil, quartering or drawing them or ardent them on their stakes. In such case, kleinig has found such act to be unusual and cruel accordingly dehumanizing. According to Klenig, though the prisoners should adhere to the punishments given to them, they should be permitted to have the human self-worth. Even though are not given the time to exercise their human rights, human dignity is fundamental to all human beings. In that chase, he argues that the prison institutions should express the non humiliation which is so common among the prison institutions, in commit to avoid prisoners rejection from the human common wealth. Kleinig also tackles chaining of the prisoners. He says that this is humiliating them and expresses in humane. On the other hand, Kleinig, touches the sentencing of a prisoner. He says that giving a long sentence to the prisoners is contrary with the myth of correcting and rehabilitating the prisoners. Instead, they lose their human dignity and have less time to enjoy their lives. In that case, they face various challenges such as being chained from the wrist to the ankle, perform hard and tiresome labor, being under l ife surveillance and be denied to receive any assistance from the outside. Kleinig says that when one is forced in to such life style, various opportunities are disqualified. Firstly, they do not perform their parental responsibility. This is because the long term imprisonment punishment does not dispense with one to interact with his or her family. Secondly, a man would not be able to enjoy his married authority. In continuation, Kleinig, gives in humanness as another constraint that leads to hard treatment. In that case, according to him, brutal is the act of disregarding the human sensibility as human beings.

Ethics and whistleblowing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Ethics and whistleblowing - Essay ExampleIntroduction Whistleblowing basically refers to make all strain of disclosure in the general interest of public. The term is more commonly referred as blowing the whistle. If the employee functional in any organisation feels that there is wrongdoing in their workplace, then they can report this to the perplexity by following the correct processes. By doing so, their employment rights can be protected. It is worth mentioning that the whistleblowers are shield for the public interest in order to encourage the lot to speak out if they feel that any kind of malpractice is going on in the organisation (DirectGov 2011). The statistics published in public interest reveals that the peoples attitude towards the whistle blowing has improved to a great extent. The survey conducted by Public match at Work in the year 2007 indicated that 85% of the people informed that they would raise a partake with regards to the malpractices that is taking place with the employers. It was further made evident that 31% of the people would go to the regulatory bodies or to the police if the internal route was non considered as the option (Public aid at Work n.d.). growing awareness of employee rights, Public Interest Disclosure Act (1998), Health and Safety Executive, PR practices, CSR and Internal Codes of Practices commence resulted in improving the condition for whistleblowing. UNISON, a public service union collaborated with Public perplexity at Work in order to conduct survey to ask 2000 NHS staffs if whistleblowing was working or not. It was found that most 90% of them had blown the whistle at times when they were concerned about patient safety. 50% were not aware of the fact that their Trust had a whistleblowing policy. 33% revealed that their Trust wanted to blow the whistle in spite of being aware of the fact that it would result to bad publicity. 30% revealed that their Trust didnt want them to be told that there was a sever e problem while 25% said that the culture was improving (Public Concern at Work n.d.). This statistics can be shown graphically with the help of the chart below Source (Public Concern at Work n.d.). Source (Public Concern at Work n.d.). Other Statistics on Whistleblowing Source (NWC 2008). The figure that is demonstrated above depicts the companies that report operating a whistleblowing system and the percentage of those companies that consider it to be telling (NWC 2008). It has been found from the report that approximately 5678 cases of whistleblowing were received in the fiscal year 2009, which was up by about 2000 over the prior fiscal year (Worldwide ERC 2011). The major aim of this study is to evaluate how the organisations can break up an effective approach to the workplace whistleblowing taking into account the ineluctably of its stakeholders. Research Question The main object of the research is to evaluate how the organisation can develop an effective approach to workp lace whistleblowing that takes into account of the needs of their stakeholders. Therefore, the whole assignment

MHE 511 MODULE 1 DISCUSSION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

MHE 511 MODULE 1 parole - Essay ExampleIt is important for local, state, and federal stakeholders to formulate and implement functional plans that address disaccordent types of emergencies and disasters (Haddow, Bullock, & Coppola, 2010). result plans ought to be different depending on the type of emergency or disaster in question. For example, approaches to natural and manmade disasters differ in regards to the causes, subsequent effects, and the actions taken by relevant agencies in that regard. In this respect, response plans should be shipshape towards specific emergencies and/or disasters.From a personal point of view, there exist critical differences between bio-terrorism, natural, and new(prenominal) types of emergencies. It follows, therefore, that response plans targeting each of the aforementioned emergencies should differ from one type of emergency to the next. Doing so would ensure that local, state, and federal disaster management agencies are in a position to conc entrate, focus, and identify key points of concern or interest across varying emergencies. For instance, response plans for bio-terrorist emergencies would hardly work in weather-related natural disasters, thus the subscribe for different response plans in such

EXPLAIN WHY AL-GHAZALI ATTACKED PHILOSOPHY SO FIERCELY Essay

EXPLAIN WHY AL-GHAZALI ATTACKED PHILOSOPHY SO FIERCELY - Essay ExampleThis piece of music will explicate on the essential question of whether al-Ghazali dishonoured philosophy out of self ambitions or he was safeguarding Islam from moral corruption by Islamic philosophy. First, The Incoherence of Philosophers, a text via which he voices his disregard for Islamic philosophy, must be analyzed. Despite the f personation that philosophy had a small following, it was swiftly gaining momentum. Second, it is essential to heading out that al-Ghazali did not harbor any qualms with the philosophy, falsafa, rather he had reservations pertaining to its application in answering original religious questions. He questioned the methodology with which philosophy was being applied in the Islamic religion. His attack on Islamic philosophy might be sourced from his ambitions for reviving Islamic science, his belief that Islamic philosophers did not turn over the basis for third, it s important to show that Aristotles teachings and his opinion that Islamic philosophy was propagating moral corruption. Third, the abbreviation will show that his critique of philosophy is fashioned in three fronts eternity of the world, resurrection of the body and intimacy of God on particulars.In an effort to comprehend the framework within which al-Ghazali attacked philosophy, it is essential to understand the fib of philosophy in the Islamic religion. Philosophy was introduced into the Arab world via translation of Greek texts by Christian scholars (Armstrong, K. 2002). This act of translation was further compounded by writing commentary texts on the Greek articles. All these factors, combined, culminated in a slow but steady assimilation of Greek scientific and philosophical learning. The explanation for the significantly low number of adherents of this discipline is sourced from the difficulties that were encountered when training in this philosophy.Al-Ghazalis main target in his attack of philosophy was centered on philosophers Ibn Sina and al-Farabi (Netton,

Research Methods and Stats for Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Research Methods and Stats for Finance - Essay Exampleore, the prehend and integrative application of Software as electronic commerce platform for manufacturers and wholesale distributors with a localise on education and implementation of supply chain focus software could have a satisfying impact on the manner that supply shackles function within the companies (Karpinski p 9 1999). parentage forge re-engineering (BPR) is applied at the local, managerial, and corporate levels of the business. This concept has a significant impact on the dissimilar phases of the business process, where the changes that occur can be related to the flow of schooling and products (Desel & Erwin, 2000). BPR is used in SCM to repair the managed and integrated processes that create a capable and viable business environment (Chan and Qi 2003). The crucial tenants of BPR is that it reduces tensity between inter-organisational departments and business partners, particularly when the there is friction w ithin the SC process (McCormack & Johnson, 2000). Business process re-engineering, specifically related to the main focus of technology and communication in supply chain management includes(1)Further integration of activities between suppliers and customers across the entire supply chain(2) on-going changes in supply chain involve and required flexibility from IT (3) more mass customization of products and services leading to increasing assortments while decreasing hertz times and inventories (4) the locus of the drivers seat of the entire supply chain and (5) supply chains consisting of several independent enterprises (Akkermans et al p 284 2003).The benefits of using the BPR concept to promote SCM needs are that it connects information management (McCormack & Johnson, 2000) promotes cost saving activities through efficiency and communication (Horvath, 2001), and reduces financial risk in discomfited supply chains (Cross 2000).This project is to examine management logistics in s upply chain management as it relates to the

Article The Paradox of Samsung's Rise Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Paradox of Samsungs Rise - Article ExampleSamsung as well as just about of the other Japanese companies have a habit of looking at outsiders with a lot of suspicion. on that point is a concept of life-long association with the company and a sort of emotional bond forms within the employees. This subject field as well as Samsung culture provided a lot of difficulties when Samsung tried to hire S-level executives from outside. The company managers closed ranks to the outsiders and even withheld information from them making it very difficult for them to continue working at Samsung.Koreans and Japanese be very proud of their culture. They used to see the outsiders reluctance to follow their culture and language as an insult-executives wish well Choi-Chi-Hun who were outsiders but made special efforts to incorporate themselves in the Korean culture were more easily assimilated into the memorial tablet than those who preferred to separate work life from their social life.The Jap anese culture recognises promotion only on the basis of seniority and the number of years that have been dedicated by a particular employee to the organisation. so it was very difficult for them to accept younger people being recruited to senior positions-this provided lot of difficulties to the top management.Japanese and Koreans in general have high uncertainty avoidance. (Hofstede, 1991) They are threatened by ambiguity and change. They bank on rules and require a stable and predictable workplace. Variable compensation was a concept which striked at the heart of this core value. It was due to the hindrance provided by this national culture which resulted in piecemeal effectuation of the variable pay structure. If the uncertainty due to a new policy increases too much it was direct dropped by the management before it caused major unrest.The Korean society is a high power hold society unlike the west. These types of societies are very hierarchal. (Roehl & Bird, 2004) The autho rity is usually

Conceptualizing a Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Conceptualizing a Business - essay ExampleEating fit is significant because it reduces the risk for certain diseases, improves the physical well-being, weight management, strengthen resistant systems and extended life expectancy. The federal government spends a lot of money on maintaining a healthy nation thus, the need for addressing the healthy eating habits is crucial. Many scholars argue that the increased fast food restaurants in the United States have contri exclusivelyed to increased diseases such as obesity and some other related diseases. This is because the food is cheap, but it has more calories that pose health risks to citizens. Therefore, this aspect brings the writer to the choice of opening up a restaurant that has nutrient facts and serves healthy food at affordable prices.The restaurant go forth offer varied types of products, which give be served on different occasions. For instance, it depart serve healthy products and services to customers such as colour ful fruits and vegetables, which are rich in vitamins. It will also serve whole grains, and low-fat dairy product and other products, which have rich carbohydrates. Other products include fish, groundnuts, starchy, lean poultry and unsaturated rock oils like olive oil and canola that have low calories, hence reducing increased risks for diseases. These are beneficial because they have low calories hence, they will help customers to have sufficient energy thus living a healthy lifestyle. Therefore, the restaurant will target all categories of customers including students, civil servants and even tourists from varied parts of the globe.The mission of the restaurant is to offer customers nutritive products and services at affordable prices. This mission is significant because it will improve the health living standards of many people thus maintaining a healthy nation.

Persuasive speech evaluation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

telling livery evaluation - Assignment ExampleProvided that he wants to correct his mistakes in the first place.Ms. Pisani was definitely an spicy speaker as she knows how to lighten a serious discussion with humor and anecdotes that allows the wad to feel relaxed and ascertain the seriousness of the topic without being as serious as heart attack. What is amazing about the slop that Ms. Pisani gave is that the was able to combine both the informative and persuasive patterns of speech. She managed to stay on topic while persuading people to believe in her position about sex, drugs, and HIV. She was quite effective in delivering her speech because she actively act her audience by using slide presentations, props such as her public health glasses, and early(a) gimmicks that worked in her favor. Most specially, the fact that she used lighthearted words in presenting her topic, made the people more(prenominal) interested in hearing what she had to say. The fact that the audience w as laughing while she was talking shows hos successful her speech was.She was definitely able to relate with her audience because she spoke from personal experience and the experience of friends, even expectant actual condoms away in order to deliver her message of safe sex. The audience positively responded to her by clapping and laughing along with

Biochemistry perspective Essay Example for Free

Biochemistry perspective EssayDiabetes is an ailment which is caused due to blue amount of glucose (sugar) in the blood. The main reason for high glucose trains in blood is due to the inability of personify to utilize it properly. Glucose comes from the digestion of sugar and foods rich in carbohyd considers that enable the liver to create glucose. The high absorption level of glucose in blood is termed as Hyperglycemia. In 1910, Sir Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer suggested people with diabetes were deficient in a single chemic that was normally produced by the pancreas. He proposed calling this substance insulin.The term is derived from the Latin insula, meaning island, in extension phone to the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas that produce insulin. (Patlak, 2002) Insulin An Introduction Insulin is a polypeptide containing 51 amino acids arranged in two chemical set ups. The chain A contains 21 amino acids and chain B contains 30 residues. These two chains are brand linked by two sulphur bridges by cysteine residues. Insulin is formed by proteolytic sectionalization of its 84 amino acid prescursor Proinsulin. Insulin has a molecular weight of 5808 Da. It has the molecular formula C257H383N65O77S6.Insulin structure varies just about between species. Its carbohydrate metabolism regulatory function strength in humans withal varies. megascopic which is pig insulin is close to humans. The image above is com tramper-generated image of insulin hexamers. The coat ions holding it together and the histidine residues are regard in zinc binding. Insulin Action A pharmacological performance of insulin includes carbohydrate metabolism, protein metabolism, lipid metabolism and former(a) actions. Insulin increases the use of sugar in the create from raw material and stimulates transportation of glucose into the cells.Insulin in any case stimulates protein subtraction and wrickth. It increases synthesis of messenger ribonucleic acid and decreases gluconeogenesis. A gluconeogenesis is a organic law of glucose from carnal starch. It also increases amino acid inspiration in the muscle. In fat tissues, insulin increases fatty acid synthesis, glycerol phosphate synthesis and triglyceride deposition. Other action of insulin includes prevention of ketone boy organisation and increases potassium up obtain. After the release of insulin from the pancreatic beta cell into the interstitial compartment, it enters the circulation after crossing endothelial barrier.Insulin action ready at the cellular level is achieved by activating and suppressing the use of enzyme. It put up also be achieved by changing the rate of synthesis of enzymes at the level of transcription and translation. Insulin stimulate glucose uptake into fat cells by glucose transporters. Glucose transporters are small vesicles which contain specific protein macromolecules. Insulin increases the rate of fusion of these vesicles with the plasma membrane, and activa tes the transporters to ravish glucose across the plasma membrane into the cell.Insulin synthesize hoxokinase, an enzyme which phosporylates glucose as soon as it enters the cell. Insulin is an anabolic hormone. It encourages the terminal of fats and the synthesis of proteins. Each receptor of insulin contain a pair of important subunits, which are located on the satellite surface of the membrane, and a pair of beta subunits which crosses the membrane and stick out at both the outer(prenominal) and inner surfaces. Both alpha and beta subunits are held together by disulphide (S-S) bonds to form an aggregate. In humans, the insulin receptor gene is located on chromo nigh 19.Insulin binds to the receptor at a specific site on the alpha subunit. This causes increased phosphorylation of the receptor by ATP, approximatelyly tyrosine residues of the intracellular portion of the beta subunit. Increased phophorylation of these tyrosine residues activates the beta subunit to function as a kinase enzyme. Some intracellular effects of insulin that occur after insulin-receptor binding whitethorn be mediate through nucleotide regulatory proteins (G proteins) a family of proteins associated with the inner surface of the plasma membrane.cyclical AMP also has nearly intracellular effects of insulin. The major function of insulin is to counter the concerted action of a number of hyperglycaemia-generating hormones and to maintain low blood glucose levels. Because there are numerous hyperglycemic hormones, untreated disorders associated with insulin mostly lead to severe hyperglycemia and shortened life span. In addition to its role in rule glucose metabolism, insulin stimulates lipogenesis, diminishes lipolysis, and increases amino acid transport into cells.Insulin also modulates transcription, altering the cell content of numerous mRNAs. It stimulates growth, DNA synthesis, and cell replication, effects that it holds in common with the insulin-like growth factors ( IGFs) and relaxin. Specific protease activity cleaves the center third of the molecule, which dissociates as C peptide, leaving the amino terminal B peptide disulfide bonded to the carboxy terminal A peptide. Insulin secretion from beta cells is generally regulated by plasma glucose levels. Increased uptake of glucose by pancreatic b-cells leads to a concomitant increase in metabolism.The increase in metabolism leads to an elevation in the ATP/ADP ratio. This in roll leads to an inhibition of an ATP-sensitive K+ channel. The net result is a depolarization of the cell direct to Ca2+ influx and insulin secretion. In fact, the role of K+ channels in insulin secretion leaves a viable therapeutic target for treating hyperglycemia due to insulin insufficiency. Insulin, secreted by the beta-cells of the pancreas, is directly infused via the portal vein to the liver, where it exerts profound metabolic effects.These effects are the resolution of the activation of the insulin receptor wh ich belongs to the class of cell surface receptors that exhibit intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity as shown in the figure. Insulin produces its action through specific insulin receptors which consist of two subunits ? and ?. Insulin receptor intricate then initiates a chain of biochemical reaction involving cAMP, protein phosphorylase, protein kinase, phosphatase and lipase. A diabetic condition result when receptor of insulin is desensitization. Therefore, Insulin is used medically in diabetes mellitus.Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus depend on insulin (commonly injected subcutaneously) for their survival because they make no hormone. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus present either low insulin production or insulin resistance or both. Therefore, they require insulin administration when other medications frame inadequate in imperative blood glucose levels. Actions of insulin-insulin receptor interactions at the level of IRS1 and activation of the kinase cascade leadi ng to altered activities of animal starch phosphorylase and glycogen synthase.The insulin receptor is a heterotetramer of 2 extra cellular alpha-subunits disulfide bonded to 2 transmembrane beta-subunits. With value to hepatic glucose homeostasis, the effects of insulin receptor activation are specific phosphorylation events that lead to an increase in the storage of glucose with a concomitant decrease in hepatic glucose release to the circulation. Only those responses at the level of glycogen synthase and glycogen phosphorylase are represented.This image shows Insulin-insulin receptor actions on glycogen homeostasis showing the role of protein targeting glycogen, PTG in complex formations involving many of the enzymes and substrates together. Also diagrammed is response of insulin at the level of glucose transport into cells via GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane. GS/GP kinase = glycogen synthase glycogen phosphorylase kinase. PPI = protein phosphatase inhibitor. Arrows d e none either direction of flow or positive effects, T lines represent inhibitory effects.In most nonhepatic tissues, insulin increases glucose uptake by increasing the number of plasma membrane glucose transporters GLUTs. Glucose transporters are in a continuous state of turnover. Increases in the plasma membrane content of transporters stem from an increase in the rate of recruitment of new transporters into the plasma membrane, deriving from a special pool of preformed transporters localized in the cytoplasm. GLUT1 is present in most tissues, GLUT2 is found in liver and pancreatic b-cells, GLUT3 is in the brain and GLUT4 is found in heart, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle.In liver glucose uptake is dramatically increased because of increased activity of the enzymes glucokinase, phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1), and pyruvate kinase (PK), the key regulatory enzymes of glycolysis. Lack of Insulin Usually the inefficiency and lack of insulin are bracketed together, as both situations result in diabetes. There are two types of diabetes, diabetes insipidus and diabetes melitus, which is by far, the most common. Diabetes mellitus in turn has two types Type 1, also known as insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, IDDMType 1 is characterized by decreased productions of insulin so must(prenominal) be treated with insulin. It is most often found in children and adolescents. Type 2, also known as non-insulin dependent diabetes melitus, NIDDM Type 2 is caused by either decreased insulin production or subnormal cell sensitivity to the insulin that is present. It may be treated with diet alone, with oral hypoglycemic agents, or with insulin. It is more(prenominal) commonly diagnosed in adults. (Perspective Press, 240-43) Insulin does not cure diabetes. It is merely a treatment for the diabetes. Over time, many complications kitty occur in diabetic patients taking insulin.Some of these are coronary heart diseases, peripheral vascular diabetes, eye disorders, renal failur e, and limb amputations. Because of trim circulation and nerve damage, diabetic patients are essentially prone to developing foot ulcers, a major cause of amputations. They are able to feel foot infections, which allow it to grow and cause permanent damage. Proper foot care is essential and includes avoiding injuries oral restricting circulations, cleaning wounds, controlling infections, relieving weight from the ulcer area, and improving circulation.A new genetically engineered drug, becaplermin, promotes the healing process in diabetic foot ulcer. Lack of insulin or ineffectiveness of it may trigger some response from the body. The predominant tissue responding to signals that indicates fluctuating blood glucose levels is the liver. One of the most important functions of the liver is to produce glucose for circulation. Both elevated and reduced levels of blood glucose trigger hormonal responses to initiate pathways designed to restore glucose homeostasis. Low blood glucose trigg ers release of glucagon from pancreatic Alpha-cells.High blood glucose triggers release of insulin from pancreatic Beta-cells. In elderly people pancreas either fails or does not secrete right amount of insulin. In this patient insulin per injection becomes drug of choice when oral antidiabetics hand over failed. Insulin was also used to induce shocks in schizophrenics. Insulin secretion is controlled by concentrations circulating glucose, amino acids, and fatty acids, discordant hormones and neuron-transmitter agents. In the fasting state, when glucose concentrations are low, insulin secretion is minimal.As glucose concentrations rise after the utilizing carbohydrates meal the raised glucose concentration stimulates insulin secretion. Insulin resistance develops over time. Therefore, doses have to be increased. This occurs because of the development of insulin antibodies in the blood. This also piece of tail be sanely corrected by changing the type of insulin injection and by t alent cortiscosteroids which are immunity suppressant drugs. Yet, it also produces negative effect by increasing blood sugar and this is why they are not used. Types of InsulinThere are many types of insulin and many salt forms of it. It can be derived synthetically of from different animal sources such as beef and pork. There is now genetically engineered human insulin available. Different insulin differs in the blast of action and the duration of action. Some are mingled together to achieve a desired effect such as a quick onset but a longer duration of action. The most common mixtures is regular insulin with NPH insulin (70units NPH and 30 units regular insulin per milliliter) The different categories of insulins are 1.Short-acting insulin types regular insulin (crystalline zinc insulin), semilente insulin (prompt insulin zinc suspension), insulin lipsor 2. Intermediate acting insulin types NPH (isophane insulin suspension) and linte insulin (insulin zinc suspension) 3. Long- acting insulin types PZI (protamine zinc insulin suspension) and ultralente insulin (extended insulin zinc suspension). Administration Insulin is injection instead of giving orally because it is destroyed in the gastrointestinal tract. Also, the molecule is too large to be absorbed by the intestinal membrane.Therefore, injection of soluble crystalline insulin is given by subcutaneous injection which is quickly absorbed. power point effects of insulin are achieved quickly and also excreted quickly within a few hours. However some insulin such as simelente is absorbed lessenly. The peak is reached slowly and is sustained. This type of insulin excretion is also very slow and sometimes partly destroyed by insulinase enzyme in the liver. Controlling glucose level with insulin injections is a complex problem since a) Glucose concentrations fluctuate based on food ingestion. b) Cell sensitivity to insulin changes.Exercise increases sensitivity while stress, pregnancy, and some drug decr ease insulin sensitivity. As a result some diabetic patients take multiple injections for a short-acting insulin preparation to produce peaks in insulin concentrations and a long acting formulation to establish a service line concentration. Variable rate infusion pumps are also used. Patients who use insulin need to be instructed on the revolution method of taking their medication. Insulin is absorbed more rapidly with administration in the arm or thigh, particularly with exercise. The abdomen is used for more consistent absorption.Glucose levels should be checked as per physician orders. All insulin must be checked for expiration date and clarity of the solution. Insulin should not be given if it appears cloudy. Vials should not be shaken but rotated in between the hands to mix contents. If regular insulin is to be mixed with NPH or lente insulin, the regular insulin should be drawn into the syringe first. Unopened vials should be stored in the refrigerator, and freezing should be avoided. The vial in use can be stored at room temperature. Vials should not be put in glove compartments, suitcase, or trunks.Humulin is a new type of insulin and is often the patients preference because it can be taken orally. It is imperative that the physician be called if any adverse reactions to the medications are observed. (Jahangir Moini, P 150-154) unwanted Effects Insulin The main undesirable effect of insulin is hypoglycemia. This is common, and can cause brain damage. Intensive insulin therapy results in a threefold increase in severe hypoglycemia. The treatment of hypoglycemic is to take a sweet sup or snack, or, if the patient is unconscious, to give intravenous glucose (50% w/v solution) or intramuscular glucagon.Rebound hypergly (Somogyi effect) can follow excessive insulin administration. This results from the release of the insulin-opposing or counter-regulatory hormones in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. This can cause hypercemia in front breakfast f ollowing an unrecognized hypoglycemic attack during sleep in the early hours of the morning. It is essential to recognize this hypothesis to avoid the mistake of increasing (rather than reducing) the dose of insulin in this situation. Allergy to insulin is unusual but may take the form of local or systemic reactions.Severe insulin resistance as a consequence of antibody formation is rare. A high tire of circulating anti-insulin antibodies is more likely to occur with bovine than with porcine insulin. Note, however, that virtually all patients treated with animal insulin have antibodies against the hormone, albeit usually flow. Human insulin is less immunogenic than animal insulin but may still evoke an antibody response, since the source of the hormone is not the only determinant of immunogenicity insulin undergo physical changes before and after injection which can increase their potential for provoking an immune response.(HP Rang et al, 200-270) References 1. Patlak M. 2002. New weapons to combat an antediluvian patriarch disease treating diabetes. Available on http//www. fasebj. org/cgi/content/full/16/14/1853e 2. Perspective Press. 2003. The Pharmacy Technician world-class edition Morton Publishers. P 240- 243. 3. Jahangir Moini. 2005. Comprehensive Exam Review for the Pharmacy Technician Thomson Delmar. P 150-154 4. H. P. Rang, M. Maureen Dale, James M. Ritter, Philip Moore. 2001. Pharmacology Churchill Livingstone. P 200-270

Punishments in Primitive Soceity Essay Example for Free

Punishments in Primitive Soceity EssayIntroductionThe most usual criteria for punishment in naive societies is the principle of Eye for an eye. According to this principle if a person has taken the eye of an opposite the boss orders that the eye of the crook should be taken.Blood for blood is the ancient principle of retri plainlyion in stark(a) societies. so punishment is based on retributive principle. This is so fumblece most of the tribal people believe that detestation is a violation of divine system or rules. Hence it is believed that the criminal is evil and should be disposed(p)(p) suitable punishment so that he may become free from evil.The evil souls must be punished. Besides retribution, another basis for punishment is wages of the loss.Punishment in the form of fine is usually based on this principle. A fine is imposed since it compensates the loss.But the most important principle in the primitive system of punishment is the principle of collective respon sibility.According to this principle punishment is not necessarily awarded to the individual who has attached the crime but his family, clan and local group may also be punished. For example, punishment of decease is given for a murder, but this punishment may not be awarded to him who has murdered.In his place some other member of his family, group or clan may be killed since the group is collectively responsible for the criminal act of each member.CHARACTERISTICS OF PRIMITIVE LAWSIt is a part of natural and supernatural principles.It is based on affinity types.It is originated from the moral and ethical notions and public opinion. In primitive law there is no difference amongst civil law and criminal law. Primitive law doesnt distinguishes between crimes and torts, public and private issues. It gives importance to sin and supernatural punishments.In here kinship group looks after law, therefore, there is collective responsibility for protect the law.Kinds of Evidence(a) Oath. The offender has to take an oath and then he is asked to state whether he has committed the offensive activity or not. It is generally believed that, if the offender tells a lie, he falls a prey to the supernatural fury for ta mogul a false oath.(b) Ordeal. Sometimes the persons accused argon put to torture in primitive societies before the declaration of judgment in criminal cases. If the accused persons escape without injury, they are acquitted as they are supposed to be not guilty.Kinds of Punishment1.Different types of punishment are prevalent in different primitive societies. While in some societies compensation and social extermination are the more usual punishments, in other societies different types of physical injuries are inflicted as punishment. Similarly, in some societies fines are imposed and community feast is demanded to wipe off the crime.2.Capital sentence is generally given in a case of homicide but sometimes the death penalty is given to nonpareil of his family members or to star of his kins instead of inflicting it up to the person who has actually committed homicide.3.They-believe that it is not the individual who is regarded to have been wronged but the solely kin-group to which he belonged and his kin-group, therefore avenges itself on the kin- group of the accused and not necessarily on the accused himself.4. In some other societies the criminal is publicly insulted by blackening his face and carrying him through the entire hamlet seated on a donkey. In America, in a tribe an unfaithful wife is given the punishment of death by drowning in water. In an Uganda tribe there is provision of jail for the criminal. The criminal, however, dope be set free for a night.5.If the crime is genuinely serious the criminal is fixed to a pole till he dies. Murder is usually punished by capital punishment but most of the tribes do not have the provision for hanging till death. The provision for jail, however, is very exceptional. Usually, one does not find prison houses in tribal societies. 6. The misbehavior done to an workaday individual is gently punished, when the same misbehavior done to a chieftain is punished severely. For example, adultery with the wife of a king or chieftain is a capital crime and punished with death whereas adultery with some ordinary individual is not punished so severely.7.The punishment of imposing a fine is not implant among the punishments for crimes in primitive societies. Where fines are charged in a primitive society, they are paid by way of compensation to the aggrieved party.8.The accused, very often, has to give a feast to the whole village in compensation for his crime. Even in case where fines are paid by way of compensation for the wrong done, attention is paid to the person who has done the wrong as well as to the person who has been wronged, if a person of a low standard offends a person of a high status, the find imposed is very heavy. But, if a person of a high status offends an ordinary person, the amount of compensation is very small.

The Jamestown Settlement Essay Example for Free

The Jamestown Settlement EssayI always carry the settlement of America with reverence and wonder, as the opening of a grand scene and design in providence, for the illumination of the ignorant and the emancipation of the slavish give away of mankind all over the earth. -John Adams. Jamestown, Virginia was the first permanent wave English settlement in the New World.The Jamestown resolution is a town in Virginia. It is the oldest, and first, English dependency in North America. The London Company, formed in 1606, was a group of ten men, mostly at ease merchants, who decided to colonize Virginia (Fishwick, 49). Francis Bacon, a member of the Company, decided the colonisation was to be a long-term proposal and settlers were to be given twenty years to find their feet (Fishwick, 49). Settlers were selected for their special skills, and included many farmers so the colonisation could become self-sufficient. The Colonial Council was a group of thirteen settlers who would be di rected by a royal council of thirteen in Eng gain (Fishwick, 49). One member was selected to be the president, and he would make laws, vote taxes, mint money, and pass out justice in Virginia (Fishwick, 49).The settlers were granted all rights and immunities of citizens in Eng land, including the right to own land and trial by jury (Fishwick, 50). All taxes on trade with Virginia were used to benefit the colony. The London Company set canvass from Blackwell, England, on December 20, 1606 (Fishwick, 50). They had three ships, tools, weapons, ammunition, sustenance, grain, and 105 hardy adventurers (Fishwick, 50). Many settlers were classified as gentlemen, and there were many skilled craftsmen and farmers, and two surgeons (Fishwick, 50). The settlers came to the New World to acquire land, cash, or quick fortunes in trade. They sought a greater measure of liberty, though some were merely restless or driven by the neck of adventure, but they all shared a hope for better things in Virginia (Fishwick, 50).The Councils directions were to search for gold and other precious metals, explore the rivers for a passage to the South Sea (Northwest Passage), and to look for the Lost Colony (Fishwick, 51). The three vessels, the Susan Constant, the Godspeed, and the Discovery, took the colonists to the New World. The Susan Constant was the largest at 100 lots, and was very roomy. The Godspeed was forty tons, and the Discovery was twenty tons (Fishwick, 51). They would be out at sea for four weeks before reaching the West Indies. Ship food consisted of hard biscuits, saltmeat and fish, and barley gruel (Fishwick, 51). Land was sighted on April 26, 1607.George Percy recorded About 400 in the morning, we descried the land of Virginia (Fishwick, 57). Edward Maria Winfield was elected president of the Colony. An advance party as sent out to explore the solid ground and choose a site for settlement. The site was chosen on May 13th. It was a flat peninsula about three mil es long and located on the north side of the James River. Though it could be defended with ease, the land was low and boggy with sandy soil and malaria mosquitos (Fishwick, 60).Jamestown was founded a year before the French founded Quebec (Appleby, 8). It was funded by a joint-stock company, whose investors saw the colonies as sources of raw materials and markets for English goods. Despite early troubles, the settlers survived with the help of local Native Americans, the Powhatan Confederacy. The colony prospered by growing tobacco. In 1619, the House of Burgesses was formed to make their own laws (Appleby, 8). More than 4,500 settlers immigrated to Virginia in 1622 (Appleby, 8). The refinement of the colony alarmed Native Americans and they attacked Jamestown in 1622. The English court blamed the Virginia Companys policies for uplifted death rates and revoked its charter (Appleby, 8). Virginia became a royal colony run by a governor appointed by the king.Pocahontas was born in 1 596 (Pocahontas, 1). Her birth name was Amonute and Pocahontas was just a nickname, meaning mischievous one because of her frolicsome and curious nature. She was the daughter of the Powhatan chief, Wahunsenaca. The Powhatan chieftan had a population of about 25,000 (Pocahontas, 1). When the English arrived and settled in Jamestown in 1607, Pocahontas was eleven years old. In the winter of 1607, Captain John Smith of Jamestown was captured by the Powhatan.He was brought in front of the chief and two large stones were placed on the ground with Smiths head placed on tweet of them to be smashed. Pocahontas quickly intercepted and put her head on top of his, stopping the execution (Pocahontas, 2). As a result of this, the Powhatan chief told Smith he was a part of the tribe in exchange for two great stones and a grindstone and the chief would treat him as his discussion (Pocahontas, 2). Chief Powhatan sent gifts of food to the starving English settlers. Pocahontas brought the gifts to Jamestown and became a symbol of peace to the English.The Jamestown National historic web site is on the western edge of Jamestown Island, Virginia. It is located seven miles from Colonial Williamsburg and is a total of 22.5 earth (Jamestown National Historic Site, 1). Jamestown is important because it was the first English colony in North America. It is in any case the scene of the first representative legislature on this continent on July 30, 1619 (Jamestown National Historic Site, 1). In 1893, the owners, Mr. and Mrs. Edward E. Barney donated a plot of their land to the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities (APVA). In 1934, the rest of the land was acquired by the National honey oil Service as a part of the Colonial National Historical Park (Jamestown Nat. Hist. Site, 1).The trip from Greensburg, Indiana to Jamestown, Virginia is a relatively long one. It is a total of about 624 miles. By car, the trip takes eleven hours (Google Maps, 1). Jamestown, Virgin ia was the first permanent English settlement in the New World. The Jamestown settlement is gamey in our countrys history and is remembered throughout time as the beginning of a newly nation.

Cost Club Scenario Essay Example for Free

greet unify Scenario EssayIntroductionEvery employee has fundamental rights in the oeuvre that include their right to privacy, fair compensation and free from discrimination. Even applicants give up rights before they atomic number 18 hired as an employee. Some of those rights include discrimination that is based solely on a mortals race, gender, age, religion, national origin, or during the hiring process (FindLaw, 2014).Employee Privacy* Employees have the right to privacy with regards to their personal possessions * This includes their purses, handbags. Briefcases, lockers.* Employees have limited rights with respect to e-mail messages and internet usage while using comprise corporations computer establishment * Employers do not have the right to conduct a credit checks or background checks on an employee or perspective employee without the express written permission of the employee (FindLaw, 2014). Employee UnionsUnder the National Labor Relations subroutine (NLRA), employers atomic number 18 forbidden from interfering in an employees right to organize, or to join or swear out in a labor organization for collective bargaining purposes, or prohibit working unitedly to improve terms and conditions of their place of mesh. Union employers may not coerce their employees in practice session any of their rights such as (National Labor Relations Board, 2014) * It is illegal for an employer to threaten their employees with the loss of their jobs or benefits if they favor to join or vote for a union or participate in defend contrive activity. * Threaten employees with plant closure should their employees choose to have union representation.* Employers are not to question employees nigh their union activities or sympathies * Promise employees benefits in order to discourage union support * Punishingemployees for winsome in union or protected concerted activity * Retaliating against an employee by transferring, laying off, terminating, assigning employees to more difficult work task or for filing an unfair labor practice charges or alive(p) in an NLRB investigation (National Labor Relations Board, 2014).occupational Safety and Health AdministrationUnder the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (,OSHA) employers have a responsibility to their employees to provide a safe surroundings for their employees. Employers are responsible for providing their employees with a workplace free of serious hazards and must follow tout ensemble OSHA safety and health standards as well as identify and correct any safety or health problems found. It is also the employers responsibility to (United States Department of Labor, 2014). * Keep employees informed about hazards through the offering of training, labeling, alarms, systems that are color coded, material safety info sheets that pertain to chemicals and other methods.* Employees are to be trained in a manner in which they can fully understand * Employers are to maintain a ccurate and pad records of any work-related injuries or illnesses that may occur in the workplace. * Employers are to post any citations, injuries and illness data where is it easily viewed by employees. * OSHA is to be notified by the employer within eight hours should there be a workplace fatality or when three or more workers have been injured or hospitalized due to an accident. * demonstrate the official OSHA poster that describes the rights and responsibilities in plain view for employees to read per the OSHA flirt (United States Department of Labor, 2014).Employee Retirement Income protective covering ActCompliance assistance under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) sets the minimum standards for retirement and health benefit plans in private industry. Although ERISA does not require an employer to provide a retirement plan or to provide benefits it only requires those who have established plans meet and follow a level of standards. ERISA covers retirement , health, and other offbeat benefit plans. (United States Department of Labor, 2014) * Meet ERISA standards of conduct* Employers are to assure that the funds of the plan are protected and thatparticipants who qualify will receive their benefits. * Employers are to include new health laws* Employers are to provide a continuation of health care coverage for an employee that due to certain events would result in a decrement ,in their benefits. * The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) amended ERISA to make health care coverage easy for employees that have either been terminated or have quit (United States Department of Labor, 2014).Fair Labor Standards ActThe Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) is responsible for setting and establishing a minimum wage, overtime pay, recordkeeping, and youth employment standards that affect employees in the private sector andFederal, State and local governments (United States Department of Labor, 2014). * The wage for covered d utiable workers is $ 7.25 per hours * Overtime pay to be at the rate of one-half times their regular pay afterward a 40 hour workweek. * There is no limit to anyone 16 years or old(a) to the amount of hours they may work. * FLSA does not require Cost Club to pay overtime for weekends, holi long time for an employees, regular days off, unless overtime is typically worked on those days. * Employers are required to display the official poster of the FLSA. (United States Department of Labor, 2014). inferenceIn order to ensure and maintain a high moral level of employee behavior. Employees of Cost Club must fully understand the good and legal implications of their decisions. As they relate to their employees personal and professional values. This should be reflected at every level upper, and lower management included. Cost Club needs to develop and carry through a Business Code of Ethics that can be reviewed with all employees at all Cost Club locations. By implementing a Business Co de of Ethics, Cost Club will weave unitedly not only the legal principles of employment, but the moral issues that commonly arise in employment issues.These ethical behaviors are vital to Cost Clubs overall success. The stakeholders of Cost Club are able to take centering from Cost Clubs, Business Code of Conduct. And when an ethical dilemma occurs the code will become one of the employees best tools for dealing with the dilemma. When Cost Club chooses to engage in employee observe, this practice will be affix and announced to all employees.Employees need to understand the laws and Cost Clubs corporations, policies along with the Business Code of Conduct.Cost Club also needs to exercise restraint in looking over their employees shoulders when it comes to use of the internet and email. (Mujtaba, 2014). When everyone understands all the ground rules then the workplace environment at Cost Club will be fair. If Cost Clubs employees are being ethical and following the policies he or she should not be concerned with monitoring and at the same time Cost Club should conduct their monitoring of employees within the guidelines of the law (Mujtaba, 2014).ReferencesFindLaw. (2014). Employee rights 101. Retrieved April 13, 2014, from http//employment.findlaw.com/employment-discrimination/employees-rights-101.html. Mujtaba, B. G. (2014). good implications of employee monitoring What leaders should consider. Retrieved April 13, 2014, from http//www.huizenga.nova.edu/Jame/articles/employee-monitoring.cfm. National Labor Relations Board. (2014). Employer/union rights and obligations. Retrieved April 13, 2014, from http//www.nlrb.gov/rights-we-protect/employerunion-rights-and-obligations. United States Department of Labor. (2014). Employee retirement income warranter act ERISA. Retrieved April 13, 2014, from http//www.dol.gov/dol/topic/health-plans/erisa.htm. United Stated Department of Labor. (2014). Employer rights and responsibilities following an OSHA inspection. Retr ieved April 13, 2014, from https//www.osha.gov/Publications/osha3000.html12. United States Department of Labor. (2014). plight and hour division. Retrieved April 13, 2014, from http//www.dol.gov/whd/flsa/.

Television violence Essay Example for Free

Television furiousness Essay* Children watch an average of four hours of video daily. Television shadower be a powerful influence in developing value systems and defining behavior. Unfortunately, much of todays television programming is violent. Hundreds of studies of the cause of TV violence on children and teenagers have found that children whitethorn * Become immune or numb to the horror of violence* Gradually accept violence as a way to solve problems* Imitate the violence they observe on television* Extensive cover of television violence by children causes greater aggressiveness. Children who view shows in which violence is very realistic, frequently restate or unpunished, they ar more likely to imitate what they see. Children with emotional, behavioral, learning or impulse control problems whitethorn be more easily influenced by TV violence. The impact of TV violence may be immediately evident in the childs behavior or may surface years later. Young wad can even b e affected when the family atmosphere shows no tendency toward violence.* While TV violence is not the only cause of aggressive or violent behavior, it is clearly a significant factor. Parents can protect children from excessive TV violence in the following ways * pay attention to the programs their children are watching and watch some with them * set limits on the amount of term they spend with the television examine removing the TV set from the childs bedroom * point out that although the actor has not actually been hurt or killed, such violence in real life results in pain or death* pooh-pooh to let the children see shows known to be violent, and change the channel or turn off the TV set when offensive material comes on, with an explanation of what is wrong with the program * disapprove of the violent episodes in front man of the children, stressing the belief that such behavior is not the best way to resolve a problem * to detonate peer pressure among friends and classmates , get to other parents and agree to enforce similar rules about the length of while and type of program the children may watch* Parents can also use these measures to prevent harmful effects from television in other areas such as racial or sexual stereotyping. The amount of time children watch TV, regardless of content, should be moderated because it decreases time spent on more beneficial activities such as reading, playing with friends, and developing hobbies. If parents have serious difficulties setting limits, or have ongoing concerns about their childs behavior, they should contact a child and adolescent psychiatrist for consultation and assistance.

Special Needs Rule Criminal Evidence Essay Example for Free

Special Needs Rule Criminal Evidence EssayThis week we were giving the avocation scenario and ask to decide if this incident follows in the spare needs figure and if it justify the officers front of the parked gondola cars trunk without probable puzzle? In this essay I will be discussing the special needs rule and my thoughts on the scenario.First of all let me start-off by giving the scenario we were given to work on this week that way you have a pause idea of whats going on. A police officer was investigating a burglary during which a handgun had been stolen. The police officer was at the time also acting as the police advisor to a high school. School officials called the officer and told him that the gun might be in the trunk of a students car parked in the school parking lot.Next let me explain the special needs rule that way you have a clear understanding of what it means. This is when an officer feels that he or someone else is in danger and must satisfy a governm ent interest beyond ordinary criminal equipment casualty doing. Just so you understand what it means here an example .A officer goes to a call for home(prenominal) dispute and other people in house start acting sapience and he spy a gun near one of the residents then he may search house and retained everyone till the house is cleared for his safety and other.In the above scenario I gestate the officer has full rights to search the said vehicle do to the positions as listed. The first cause would be guns are non permitted on school grounds and I turn over it his duty to see to it that it not goanna be used to commit a crime against students on campus. Last of all I cogitate no student should have a gun in a vehicle without being sub judice age and having proper carriage licenses. I believe that the officer has all right to believe that at that place is a crime is being committed if said school officials have proof that there is cause to believe student has gun.My personal t houghts if this officer was made aware and didnt check itout as a parent I would be upset. For several reason but mostly due to fact that he could have put mine and other children in harms way. I believe it always better to be safe than sorry due to how bad the school shootings have got. I feel if we could get guns out of our kids hands then we should and authorizes should help.Well now that this is said I accept you find my points and thought to be helpful and honest. I have really enjoyed learning about this special need rule and believe that officer have become so afraid of being incorrectly that they dont exercise this rule enough. As a officer wife I sleep together I would rather my husband be safe and keep his oath to protect than to have a guilty consciences.References that I found useful1. www.enotes.com//consider-following-scenario-police-officer-was-2602. www.policemag.com/channel/patrol//10/public-school-searches.aspx3. www.legalupdateonline.com/4th/5874. I also talk w ith Officer Luke Denning of Springfield Police Department of Springfield, FL

Corporate Social Responsibility, Entrepreneurship, and Innovation Essay Example for Free

corporate Social Responsibility, Entrepreneurship, and Innovation EssayA framework refers to a basic nonional structure of something, a set of facts or ideas that provides the necessary support for something (Steinberg 2009). On the separate hand, a cognition framework is a programmed academic work that is infallible for the Co-operation education completion (Fisher 2008). The framework helps in upbringing on how objectives and finishs of a given individual or organization atomic number 18 achieved. This is d adept through the uptake of Co-operative Education Placement organization (CPO) and provides a persons academic program with a solid foundation. This framework feeds the educators with an expertise foundation concerning learning. It serves as a richly effectual system for organizing, addressing and describing learning strengths and weaknesses. learn framework consists of 8 constructs namely attention, complex thinking, language, memory, favorable cognition, n eural motor functions, temporal-sequential ordering and spatial Roderick. development Goal 1 Being self directed and reflexive learners Self-directed learning in CPO is not a new concept. Its contributions and related information has been written down. Unfortunately, its notion has a variety of applications and interpretations in the field of operation of corporate tameing. Its typical narrow interpretations involve providing learners with some sort of choice in their learning. For example learners are allowed to select one or more courses from structured job training.Reflective learning on the other hand helps in developing self awareness, analytical skills and critical thinking which is important to both students and staff. It helps in informing about what didnt work or worked, what may be done differently, or how tidy sum may develop their practice or behavior. instruction goal 2 Being knowledgeable in the major(ip) field of study Knowledge consists of many varying fac ets encompassing skills from learning to understand how to hit or build how to manage finances, and resonating with nature. My role in acquiring knowledge through CPO is to gibe that education provided consists of all the required skills of running an organization.Key tasks involved Keep an open mind. Learning continuously challenges our assumptions and the pre-wired reaction is to ignore the conflicting ideas. Dont dismiss something automatically as it fails to neatly aspect in your current worlds vision.Deciding the type of knowledge you want to acquire. This incorporates two types of knowledge that is specialized knowledge where you want to focus specifically on breadth rather than depth. The other one is specific knowledge where you have to focus on the depth of the skills or information you want to acquire. bum out of the comfort zone. Involves learning things that might establish on your keenest interest through engaging in your community activities. Check on boards fo r local announcement or from your community website. This enhances the access of a fall of learning opportunities classes, dances, community theatre or economic aid.Dont be afraid to fail. It is the to the highest degree significant advice in learning on how to be knowledgeable. Owning and learning to your mistake will help in gaining knowledge in your major areas that will help in remembering the correct information break in.My private attributes and role will help my CPO in acquiring the required values and skills necessary in learning.Learning goal 3 Being problem solvers and enquirers ( essential environment) Internal environment involves the factors that influence/affect concern trading operations from inside (Coley 2010). The inter kins within the organization involve how different departments interrelate with one some other such(prenominal) as sales, production, marketing, billing and research. The structure of the organization defines how these departments interre late and interacts with one another, and the chain of commands running through different levels.These interrelationships within the organization are managed by my CPO through provision of the required knowledge and skills. This knowledge is acquired through training that facilitates better relationships within the organization.The organizational chart From the key tasks in LG2, they all interrelate with one another with a cohesive relationship. In order for the organizational tasks to be completed, a good relationship is needed from the organizational culture to resource management.For effective management of internal relationships, my CPO facilitates through providing managerial skills required in different departments of the organization, the employer should facilitate regular training, favorable functional environment, effective means of communication and strong internal controls.LG 3.2- critical enquirers and problem solvers, impacts of immaterial environment on the CPO an d diligence External environment involves external factors such as customers and competitors who affect the operations of the parentage from outside (Xue 2008). My CPO involves a method of combining education based on classroom with unimaginative work experience. Within this sector of the attention, a number of key factors are considered for effective management and better interrelationships. Some of these factors admit the size of the industry, consumer demand of its products and the rate of growth.The current business world has been facing a lot of challenges in its effort of meeting the needs of the customers. A major issue is on the lack of clarity in the scope of the functions of the business. This issue may have a positive impact to my CPO and its industry sector as many business people would be pursuance for the relevant knowledge.External stakeholders such as customers, competitors, and the government may contribute to a better relationship if well catered for by t he industry.LG 3.3 business management The topic investigates on the role of management on staffing. This is a very essential area that needs to be carried out with all due knowledge as it determines the progress of the business.Learning goal 4 honorable and social responsibility facing society and business Ethical means to do with what is wrong and right, based on morality (Cafoliete 2010). Social responsibility is refers to an ethical theory that an individual or organization has an obligation to act for societal benefits (Amaeshi 2013). An ethical decision facilitates better services and creates a good image of an organization. My CPO and industry may consider offering training on how to ethical business characteristics and ensures customer needs are fully met (Bates 2013). Lack of enough skills may overtake to a challenge in my CPO on making business decision that is ethical.LG 5 work collaboratively communion is a key factor in every business organization. Communi cation enhances better relationships with others in the industry thus facilitating work collaborations. My strength in this aspect is that my CPO consists of the largest communication department which links with other external organizations. The major weakness is on the poor communication skills currently displayed by many of the departmental attendants. My goal is to ensure that communication has been enhanced and effective channels installed. The strategies to be put in place include in-service training and workshops should be held regularly, installation of communication devices in all departments and skilled managers employed. In order to value whether the goals have been achieved, it should be measured in terms of profit margin and the number of customers.Aspect 2 working effectively in teams Team work is a key tool in enhancing effective operations and increased productivity. It brings unity thus enhancing collaboration with others. The strengths in this aspect are that ma jority of the classify members are of the same age thus works well as a group. The weakness is on the team leadership as my CPO industry has a few experienced managers. My goal is to develop the strongest working team in the industry. The strategies set include ensuring that more skilled managers are employed, workshops held to regular basis to train members on how to have strong working teams. Though it is hard to assess the strength of a team, my industry will check on the interrelationship between the internal and external environments to assess whether the goal has been met.ReferencesAmaeshi, K., Nnodim, P. (2013). Corporate Social Responsibility, Entrepreneurship, and Innovation. Hoboken Taylor and Francis.Augustine, C. H. (2009). Improving school leadership the promise of cohesive leadership systems. Santa Monica, CA RAND.Bates, C. G. (2013). Global social issues an encyclopedia. Armonk, NY M.E. Sharpe.Bender, T. (2012). Discussion-based online commandment to enhance studen t learning theory, practice, and assessment (2nd ed.). Sterling, Va. Stylys.Clayton, P. E. (2009). Essential law for your business a practical guide to all legal and financial requirements (13th ed.). London Kogan Page.Fisher, D., Frey, N. (2008). Better learning through structured teaching a framework for the gradual release of responsibility. Alexandria, Va. Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.LaFollette, H. (2010). The Blackwell guide to ethical theory. Oxford, OX, UK Blackell Publishers.Menon, R., Kumar, R. (2010). The bulky view from Delhi to define the Indian grand strategy for foreign policy. New Delhi Academic Foundation in association with Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations.Schuh, C. (2012). The CPO transforming procurement in the real world. Berkeley, CA Apress .Snoeyenbos, M., Almeder, R. F., Humber, J. M. (2011). Business ethics (3rd ed.). Amherst, N.Y. Prometheus Books.Steinberg, D. (2009). EMF Eclipse Modeling Framewo rk (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ Addison-Wesley. origin document

Determining the Rate of Osmosis with Water and Sucrose Essay Example for Free

ascertain the charge per unit of Osmosis with Water and Sucrose EssayDetermining the Rate of Osmosis with Water and Sucrose 10/3/2012 Determining the Rate of Osmosis with Water and Sucrose Author Results udder 1 had a rate of osmosis equal to 0. 01 grams per nice. foundation 2 had a rate of osmosis equal to 0. 0543 grams per minute. Bag 3 had a rate of osmosis equal to 0. 0471 grams per minute. Bag 4 had a rate of osmosis equal to 0. 0886 grams per minute. Bag 5 had a rate of osmosis equal to -0. 0914 grams per minute (Figure A). Figure A Shifting of mass in grams for each dialysis bag was measured every 5 minutes for 30 minutes. Data follows expectations of hypothesis on the basis that H2O will move from an orbit of high concentration to low concentration. Also, the rate of which it would move depending on concentration. The higher the concentration of sucrose in spite of appearance of the dialysis bag, the faster the rate of piss will travel into the bag.The rate of osm osis increases as the concentration of sucrose deep down the bag is higher. Correspondingly, with bag 5, the water system inside the dialysis bag would travel once again to a buttocks of debase water concentration, the sucrose in the beaker. This is so because sucrose has a low concentration of water. Therefore, the water will travel from high to low concentration. The sucrose in bags 2, 3, and 4 are hypertonic to the water inside the beaker. Adversely, the water inside the beaker is hypotonic to the sucrose inside the bag.Another example to this would be swim in the nautical (salt water) where the oceans water is hypertonic (lower water concentration) and the human body is hypotonic (higher water concentration), causing the water inside the human body to move from its high concentration to the oceans low concentration. Bag 1 represents an isotonic solution, where the water concentration inside the bag is snug or equal to the concentration of water outside the bag. Another exa mple of isotonic is 0. 9% NaCl, an I. V. olution, is isotonic to humans. This study interprets the importance of osmosis in daily biology as it can be detrimental to keep cellphones and simultaneously profitable. For instance, plants need to be hypertonic to their hypotonic surroundings. If the solution outside the membrane has a lower concentration of solutes than the interior has, water will move into the vesicle via osmosis (Freeman p. g 91). Water travels into their cells, causing their cell to swell so that their stems may stand up straight.

Meaning of Life and Thanksgiving Essay Example for Free

center of Life and Thanksgiving EssayAs the early pilgrims arrived at Plymouth Rock and had a feast with the Indians, they divided a moment of thanks together. They gave thanks for all their blessings, thus, cr eating our lovely day of Thanksgiving. When Thanksgiving is thought of, the first thing that comes to mind is turkey and a plentiful nub of food. Thanksgiving to me, is the time to be together with the ones you care about. Coming together for a day to just be with each other and to snatch up is what Thanksgiving means to me. Family should be with each other to share memories and to realize the plentiful amount of blessings they have been given. Thanksgiving is not save a day for gorging on food or locomote into a food coma, but talking with each other and just being glad to be with one another. Having family during Thanksgiving is a crucial part in my life. Having all of my relatives in one base for one day to talk and have fun with them makes Thanksgiving extra s pecial for me. It is one of the few days of the year that I get to see everybody.The turkey, yams, cranberry sauce, mashed potatoes is just the icing on the cake. Everybody in my family loves the food. We eat and eat until we cant eat anymore. My family has a tradition of playing soccer later on but that goes only so far due to our full stomachs. My cousins and I play a friendly game of poker, afterwards our failed attempts for soccer, for first dibs on dessert. After a good game of poker, my cousins and I look for ways to carry ourselves meanwhile the adults talk about their lives and brag about their kids.Society today makes Thanksgiving look wish well a day just to eat. As society advances the nub of Thanksgiving deteriorates into a secular holiday. The meaning of Thanksgiving seems obsolete. I truly believe that Thanksgiving should be refreshed in its meaning and should be celebrated with family and love. As people come together to share a special day in our history, this sh ould be a day which people will not take for granted.

Education and Louisiana Content Standards Essay Example for Free

Education and Louisiana heart and soul Standards EssayThe watchword comes from the Latin word currere which means the course to be run. It contains the courses of study that a educatee has to complete successfully to obtain a degree certifying competence. (It is the What and Instruction is the How) In K-12 schools, it also contains the standards and benchmarks for each of the courses of study. Students must successfully complete the benchmarks in fiat to complete the course. In this new age, those benchmarks are measured by the Louisiana Educational Assessment jut (LEAP). During the 1920s, the definition of computer programme as school experiences was developed by progressive educators to emphasize the quality of experiences. What children analyze in school is wider than what goes on in the classrooms. It allow ins experiences in hallways, the cafeteria, playground, etc. These experiences cannot be separated from the responsibility of educators. on that point are five ty pes of curriculum FORMAL- The formal curriculum is the intended curriculum, explicit, overt, and written.It includes the planned and advertised menu of courses, the content of those courses, the catalog descriptions, and the regular public activities included in those courses. You will find this in the Louisiana Content Standards and Benchmarks and the Grade Level Expectations (GLEs). INFORMAL-The informal curriculum is also intended, but not explicit or written. This includes such(prenominal) things as citizenship, manners, and social skills and is influenced by the teacher and his or her educational philosophy.It is reflected in the classroom and is often put together in the rules and procedures that a teacher implements. It is also evident in the methodologies chosen by a teacher. For example, I have a strong belief in learning styles therefore, in face-to-face classrooms, I include a lot of hands-on activities for students to participate and engage in. Also, I include activiti es that involve lots of student interaction.The hidden curriculum is the covert, or implicit, implied by the very structure of the school buildings. It is learned by scene of living inthe environment. It is characterized by the reward systems, physical plan of the school, furniture arrangement, etc. When you look at a school, is there a trophy case for sporting veritable(a)ts, but not academics? Are classes laid-off every Fri sidereal day, 6th or 7th period, for a pep rally? If so, that school would value sportsman over academics. As you look at the structure of the school, is there a computer room, or is applied science evident in every classroom? Are teachers allowed to attend professional development activities during the school day?All these things will provide information about the hidden curriculum of the school. conceal curriculum is researched by critical theorists. NULL-The null curriculum is what is left out, not attended to, or taught. What is missing from your scho ol, or even the Louisiana Content Standards and Benchmarks? Does the school embrace diversity, or just say it does? EXTRA-The extra-curriculum includes those activities that are structured by the teachers and administration. If a school has a football team, a basketball team, track team (etc.) but no history club, Spanish club, math club (etc. ), one might infer that athletics are wanted more than academics. If the school has a basketball team and track team and also has National applaud Society, Future Farmers of America, (etc. ), one would infer that all learnings are valued. What is the relationship between Formal Curriculum and Hidden Curriculum? What is the relationship between Formal Curriculum and Informal Curriculum? How do all forms of curriculum relate to each other curriculum?

What Is A Carbon Footprint Environmental Sciences Essay

What Is A ampere-second Footprint environmental Sciences Essaythither atomic number 18 some definitions wasting diseased by different organizations a deoxycytidine monophosphate stride is The total amount of greenhouse botches produced to directly and indirectly support human activities, usually expressed in combining weight tons of vitamin C dioxide ( carbon dioxide) (timeforchange.org) The total set of greenhouse gas emissions caused directly and indirectly by an individual, event, organisation, product expressed as CO2.(carbon trust). Some organisations such as direct.gov and the carbon trust provide online calculators which allow individuals and businesses to image their individual carbon dance step and how you can go on to minimise and/or darkset it. brass campaigns and initiatives such as Act on CO2 encourage and provide information on how the CO2 output can be switch offd (which is the principal(prenominal) contri just nowor to greenhouse effect) by make chan ges to their behavior style and daily routine. For households this includes switching to ability efficient cloudless bulbs, switching of appliances when not in use and trim down the temperature of laundry washes. For businesses at that place argon incentives and aids such as online help for reducing co2 emissions and be, carbon surveys and 0% interest loans for energy efficient equipment upgrades (carbon trust). Companies such as carbon trust set up by the government are providing 50 million in interest free loans to help the blossom out sector save energy. It is clear that an incentive for both individuals and businesses is that reducing their carbon pulse will necessarily save them money replacing an old boiler (10-15 yrs old) with and energy efficient boiler could save a household 90 each year. (direct) salvages such as these are enough of a number one wood to encourage those people to get by reducing their carbon footprint. However it is important to consider if in itial costs are relatively small and how easy and practical it is to make these changes. ( exoand on this)There is a withdraw to reduce the CO2 emissions contribution to greenhouse gases (GHG) compared to former(a) GHG as the actions of humans most(prenominal)ly holds to Co2 . Since the last(a) industrial revolution there has been a rise to tens of one million millions of tons per year from human greenhouse gas emmisions. Figure 1 shows human produced greenhouse gases.Figure 1Currently over 30 meg tonnes of CO2 is emitted each year by the burning of fossil fuels which releases co2 directly into the atmosphere. 7 billion tonnes is emitted from land use changes such as deforestation which changes the natural process of trees removing Co2 from the atmosphere. (actonco2) different activities which contribute include Industry more than 40%, Buildings (homes, offices and the like about 31%, transportations almost 22% and culture about 4%. (robert henderson)The contribution from o ther GHG to global warming can be calculated by converting them into their carbon equivalent (carbonfootprint.com) The previous bullet point describes the carbon emissions of different sectors and countries.There is an increasing motive for businesses in the private and public sector and local authorities to reduce carbon emissions as good as individuals. The UK government is introducing new legislation in set out to meet the target of reducing emissions by 80% by 2050. This legislation includes charging businesses if their energy usage is greater than 6000MWh per year. (reference). If these requirements are not met then the leave alone is being placed in a low league table (carbon footprint-crc) and the possibility of facing other penalties. EU and UK legislation regarding reducing carbon emissions and energy in the UK is discussed in sectionxxxx of this report. Local authorities are encouraged to be fore frontiers of combating global warming in their areas and societies encour aging others to make changes in order to reduce carbon emissions. Local authorities will need to calculate the carbon emissions of their buildings and services yearly and report them to DEFRA. Under new regulations they are encouraged to raise awareness of reducing carbon footprints in the local area ( carbonfootprint.com). The Carbon emissions of LAs will be published annually. There are as well as a number of campaigns such as Act on Co2 being advertised to the public to foreground the problem of carbon emissions.The Government is putting pressure on tenants, buyers and the public for making their buildings more energy efficient.Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) were introduced in 2008 (carbon foot) and are required when a building is constructed, sold or rented out. It rank the energy performance of a building informing buyers, possible occupants if the building is energy efficient. A testimony report is always produced along with the certificate listing the potential op portunities to increase the buildings energy efficiency. Landlords are open to Heavy penalties of 12.5% of the rateable value of the building if an EPC is not presented when requested by a tenant/buyer.The equivalent for public buildings are Display Energy Certificates where the building is rated on its operational efficiency e very(prenominal) 10 years, with the result certificate displayed in a publically visible place (cfprint)How is a carbon footprint calculated?Online calculators provided by organistations including direct.gov, carbon trust and carbon footprint allow both businesses and households to calculate their carbon footprint. In order to get an accurate idea of a carbon footprint it is important to use calculators regulated by Government bodies.For households, data which is usually sort for calculation of the footprint are statistics such as gas and electricity bills, motor vehicle mileage and Miles per Gallon (MPG) the products contained in homes and the main referenc e book of heating the home gas or electricity (act on co2),. For businesses this can includes all of the above as well as employee voyage and fuel usuage for example.A carbon footprint is made up pf the conjugation of a primary footprint and a secondary footprintThese are delimitate by Carbon Footprint Ltd. below1. The primary footprint is a measure of our direct emissions of CO2 from the burning of fossil fuels including domestic energy consumption and transportation (e.g. car and plane). We have direct control of these.2. The secondary footprint is a measure of the indirect CO2 emissions from the whole lifecycle of products we use those associated with their manufacture and eventual breakdown. To put it very simply the more we buy the more emissions will be caused on our behalf.The graph below shows the main elements of an individuals modus vivendi which contributes to a carbon footprint.The pie chart above shows the main elements whichmake up the total of an usual persons c arbon footprint in the developed world.This is different for occupants of other countries on average a UK resident has an annual carbon footprint if 11.6 tonnes 40% manufacture/construction, food 5%, services 6% ho apply 20%. Compared to a US resident of 25.9 tonnes 38% manufacture/construction, food 45%, services 6%, housing 18%, personal travel 34% and resident of Africa resident 0.9% from services solely ( robert henderson book)How to reduce a carbon footprintWhen considering reducing and how to reduce a carbon footprint it is important to consider the persons lifestyle and for a company the type of business. Everyone leads different lives and will be able to make differences depending on their lifestyle. Some people require travelling abroad for instance so it may be tricky to minimise travel co2 emissions. In almost all instances reducing co2 emissions inevitably results in reducing costs in the long term.Changes can be made in all aspects of life in order to reduce a carbon footprint this includes in the home, changing transport and travel, shop and recycling. Initial costs outweigh benefitAt home switching to low energy light bulbs, and institutionaliseing in attic disengagement can reduce the energy lost in a home resulting in less energy and money required to heat it. Some utility companies also allow customers to specify that some or all of the power supplied to your home is from renewable sources (roberthenderson). This works by the company putting energy into the grid in an amount equal to your consumption. Households could also switch to renewable energies such asphotovoltaics and purloin turbines. The benefits and reality of such technologies smaller households will be discussed in sectionxxxBusinesses evade xxx shows methods to help reduce an indivuals carbon footprintHomeTravelshoppingBusiness-buildingsproduct attic insulationSwitch to cycling and walkingConsider the materials used and transport mechanism for productsTurning elcetircla eq uipment off at nightDeisng for environmentally friendly productsDouble glazingMaking fewer and shorter journeys by car uses a lot if energyChoose local products, and farmers market products and organic productsInvest in energy economic system plant/ technologyDraught excludersChoose energy efficient vehicles-hybridBuying in vulk and ingeredients instead of create made foodsInstall movement sensitive lights in lower used areas such as toilets bodily cavity wall insulationPlan route, save fuel, time and money getting lostImprove insulation and lowering the thermostat temperatureCarbon offsettingCarbon offsetting is the process of compensating for carbon emissions which are generally unavoidable (i.e lifestyle essentials) by funding an equivalent co2 saving project somewhere else. carbon credits are awarded in order to balance to emissions from defined activities measured in carbon dioxide equivalent (co2e) (qas). It is luxuriouslyly express (act n co2) that carbon offsetting is no t an alternative to reducing an individuals/organisations carbon emissions to combat climate change but provide a mechanism to reduce GHG emissions in the most cost-effective and economically-efficient manner (carbonfootprint.com) carbon offsetting is defined as (offsetting.decc.goc.uk)Offsetting is also used by global corporations such as HSBC (get some more) Some online travel services and airlines also offer customers the possibility to offset their air travel emissions.The UK Governments Quality assurance final cause (QAS)- for carbon offsetting introduced in xxx. It has been created to help individuals and companies choose approved tone offsets. The QAS effectively vouches for the quality of offsets provided with a quality mark. The aim of the scheme is to tackle public confusion and distrust of carbon offsetting whilst providing better information and high quality standards for customers of carbon offsetting.The main process of carbon offsetting (carbon neutral) is (directg ov offset)calculating the emissions produced- this can be done using QAS offset providers which have carbon calculators-choose which activity/activities you would like to offsetBuy an equivalent amount of carbon credits from projects- which use the fee paid to fund the projectsSome projects includeharnessing river hydropowerin Fijiestablishing the first device energy plant in Cypruscollecting methane to generate electricity from landfill sites in Durban, South Africa(offsetting .decc.gov.uk)QAS offsetting providers include-Energy Saving Ttust Crabon TrustThe offsetting argumentOffsetting fees are not regulated they do vary over time- however there are plans to set these costs from European emissions trading which are measured in cost per tonne. therefore I is currently difficult to say if consumers and businesses are getting their monies worth of carbon offsets. Projects such as tree planting are slightly controversial as there is evidence to show that there may be longer lasting ways to beat climate change (henderson). When trees die most of its stored carbon is restored to the atmosphere anyway and It may be more important to protect the rainforests which are lock remaining from deforestation. The actual deforestation of forests is a very large source of greenhouse emissions- the burning of trees contributes to around a fifth of co2 produced emissions (Henderson) Now with governmental standards it should make it easier to pick offsets which actually work.It can amaze years to see the environmental benefits of tree planting to take affect and It also difficult to measure exactly how much carbon dioxide is saved preventing projects such as these from receiving the QAS mark (offsetting.decc.goc.uk).There are many different types of offsetting projects,generally involving energy efficiency or renewable energy. Here are some examples of the signifier of projects that could produce a credit used for offsettingproviding people in Aceh, Indonesia with solar coo kers and heat retention containers for cooking, heating, sterilising piddle and preserving foodintroducing energy efficiency measures at a resort hotel in Indiaharnessing river hydropowerin Fijiestablishing the first wind energy plant in CyprusHowever carbon footprint offsetting does allow people to start making the effort to combating co2 and for some (due to busy lifestyles which require releasing larger amounts of co2 9e.g-needing to travel) it is easier to do this than invest in renewable energies in the home/office. It can take decades for the carbon produced to be offset by projects such as tree planting. Whilst investing in lower energy light bulbs and insulating a dome can lead to benefits in a year.